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PORT ADELAIDE - Part One: 1870 to 1918
Affiliated: SAFA 1877-1906; SAFL 1907-1926; SANFL 1927-1996; AFL 1997-present Club Address: P.O. Box 379, Port Adelaide Football Club, South Australia 5015 Home Ground: AAMI Stadium (formerly known as Football Park), West Lakes, Adelaide Formed: 1870 Colours: Black, white, silver and teal blue Emblem: Power (formerly Magpies) Premierships: SENIORS (AFL) 2004 (1 total); (SANFL) - 1884, 1890, 1897, 1903, 1906, 1910, 1913-14, 1921, 1928, 1936-37, 1939, 1951, 1954-55-56-57-58-59, 1962-63, 1965, 1977, 1979-80-81, 1988-89-90, 1992, 1994-95-96 (34 total) SECONDS/RESERVES (SANFL - from 1919) - 1923, 1933, 1936, 1947-48, 1952, 1955-56-57-58-59, 1963, 1980, 1983, 1988, 1996 (16 total) THIRDS/UNDER 19S (SANFL - from 1937) - 1946, 1950, 1953, 1962, 1974-75-76-77, 1991 (9 total) COLTS/UNDER 17S (SANFL - from 1939) - 1951, 1955, 1961, 1972, 1994 (5 total) OTHER PREMIERSHIPS - Championship of Australia 1890, 1910, 1913-14 (4 total - record); Patriotic League 1916-17 (2 total); Stanley H. Lewis Memorial Trophy 1962-63-64, 1970, 1977, 1979-80, 1988-89, 1992, 1994 (11 total); SANFL Night/Knock-out/Pre-season Series 1961, 1973, 1989 (3 total); VFL/AFL Night Series 2001-2 (2 total); Dr. Wm. C. McClelland Trophy 2002-3-4 (3 total) Magarey Medallists: Stan Malin 1899; Jack Mack 1907; Sampson 'Shine' Hosking 1910 & 1915*; W. John Ashley 1914; Charles Adams 1921*; Peter Bampton 1925*; Robert Quinn 1938 & 1945; David Boyd 1956; Geof Motley 1964; Trevor Obst 1967; Russell Ebert 1971, 1974, 1976 & 1980; Peter Woite 1975; Greg Anderson 1986; Scott Hodges 1990; Nathan Buckley 1992 (15 Medallists/20 Medals) Brownlow Medallists: Nil Norm Smith Medallists: Byron Pickett 2004 (1 total) All Australians: John Abley 1956, 1958 & 1961; John Cahill 1969; Greg Phillips 1980; Mark Williams 1980; Tony Giles 1983; Craig Bradley 1983 & 1985; Stephen Curtis 1983; Greg Anderson 1987; Martin Leslie 1988 (12 total) AFL All Australians: Adam Heuskes 1997; Matthew Primus 2001 & 2002; Warren Tredrea 2001, 2002, 2003 & 2004; Gavin Wanganeen 2001 & 2003; Josh Francou 2002; Brett Montgomery 2002; Chad Cornes 2004 & 2007; Mark Williams (coach) 2004; Kane Cornes 2005 & 2007; Shaun Burgoyne 2006; Brendon Lade 2006 & 2007 (19 total) SANFL Top Goalkickers: J.Litchfield (13) 1883; R.Roy (22) 1884; C.Fry (32) 1889; J.McKenzie (32) 1890; J.Tomkins (27) 1897; J.Mathieson (30) 1905, (42) 1906 & (33) 1908; J.Quinn (32) 1907; F.Hansen (46) 1910, (41) 1911, (37) 1912 & (39) 1913; J.Dunn (33) 1914; L.Lackman (25) 1919; L.Dayman (86) 1929; A.McLean (80) 1947; R.Johns (70) 1956, (55) 1958, (76) 1962 & (54) 1963; W.Dittmar (74) 1959 & (69) 1960; E.Freeman (81) 1966; T.Evans (87) 1977, (90) 1978, (146) 1980, (98) 1981, (125) 1982 & (127) 1984; S.Hodges (153) 1990, (129) 1994 & (117) 1996; M.Tylor (97) 1992 & (90) 1993 (35 total) AFL Top Goalkickers: Nil Port Adelaide's Official 'Greatest Team 1870 to 2000': Click here Highest Scores: SANFL - 37.21 (243) vs. Woodville 13.4 (82) at Football Park in round 3 1980; AFL - 29.14 (188) vs. Hawthorn 10.11 (71) at AAMI Stadium in round 13 2005 Most Games: SANFL - 392 by Russell Ebert from 1968 to 1978 & 1980 to 1985; AFL - 227 by Warren Tredrea from 1997 to 2008 (correct to the start of the 2009 season) Record Home Attendances: SANFL - 22,738 in round 11 1977: Port Adelaide 9.17 (71); Norwood 10.9 (69) AFL - 50,275 in round 20 2002: Port Adelaide 12.12 (84); Adelaide 11.10 (76) Record Finals Attendance: SANFL - 66,897 for 1976 grand final at Football Park: Sturt 17.14 (116); Port Adelaide 10.15 (75) AFL - 97,302 for 2007 grand final at the MCG: Geelong 24.19 (163); Port Adelaide 6.8 (44) Overall AFL Success Rate 1997-2008: 56.2% * indicates awarded retrospectively by SANFL in 1998.
The Port players take a break during their victory over Sturt in the 1910 premiership decider at the Adelaide Oval. (Image kindly supplied by Peter Vasic.) Club mergers have been a commonplace occurrence in football for almost as long as the game has been played. Sometimes it is a question of 'merge or die', either economically, or in terms of procuring access to sufficient players; at other times, clubs merge simply to enable them to compete more effectively on the field; then again, there are mergers which are really more akin to take-overs, where a stronger club effectively swallows up a weaker or poorer cousin, thereby simultaneously reducing competition and improving its own standing in one fell swoop. Whether a marriage of equals or a form of conquest, however, all mergers have one thing in common: once the process is completed, only one club exists where previously there were two.
If the point has been somewhat laboured it is nevertheless important, for two key reasons. First of all, it emphasises the fact, which the club's supporters will insist on, and others scornfully deny, whilst inwardly anguishing over, that 'Port Adelaide' (in whatever manifestation) is unique. Secondly, and as a direct corollary of that uniqueness, it has suffered many attempts to undermine and dilute its impact and effectiveness, the latest and arguably most invidious of which was the imposed 'divorce' of 1996, which effectively declared, "OK, you have won your cake, but you are sure as heck not going to get to eat it all". (The word 'divorce' is actually somewhat misleading, as it implies a separation that, at least to a certain extent, is willfully entered into; what happened in 1996 was much more akin to the enforced splitting up of families that one associates with military conquest or warfare.)
Football in Adelaide at this time was played according to a variety of different sets of rules, with the Old Adelaide and Kensington sets being the most popular. There were variations between the different rule sets in terms of things like whether or not a player running with the ball had to bounce it, whether, and under what circumstances, a mark could be claimed, and even what a team needed to do in order to score a goal. For the Port Adelaide players, this entailed a continual process of adaptation - as well as, by all accounts, considerable confusion. After a game between Port Adelaide and Kensington at Buck's Flat on 5 July 1873 it was reported that "neither side understood the rules clearly" (see footnote 1), and there was even some uncertainty as to which team had won. This uncertainty derived from the fact that the only 'goal' of the game, kicked by Kensington, had struck the cross bar (see footnote 2) before traversing the goal line, an occurrence which, under many of the rule sets in vogue at the time, would have meant the goal being disallowed, as all parts of the physical structure of the goals were deemed to be 'dead'. Under the rules in force on this particular day, however, the two goal posts and cross bar were held to be part of the field of play, and so a ball striking either and proceeding over the goal line resulted in a goal. Kensington was thus adjudged to be the winner of the game.
Of the eight clubs which contested the inaugural SAFA premiership in 1877, only Port Adelaide and South Adelaide have maintained an unbroken involvement ever since. Port Adelaide won 9 and drew 2 of its 15 fixtures in 1877 to finish in 4th place on the ladder. It scored 23 goals, the same number as premier South Adelaide, but conceded 13 compared to South's 1.
After starting so promisingly, the 1890s developed into something of a horror decade for the Port Adelaide Football Club. It was a time of grim economic depression, with working class areas such as the port being hit harder than anywhere else. Many Port Adelaide players were forced to leave South Australia in search of work, while in 1894 a group of dissidents jumped ship to form a new club, Port Natives, the antecedent of the West Torrens Football Club. Most of these dissidents were players who had been unable to get a game with Port, and so their departure was not looked upon at the time as a disaster. Two years later, however, Port Natives finished higher on the SAFA ladder than a Port Adelaide team that had difficulty in fulfilling its fixtures each week, so dire had the player shortage become, and so impoverished was the club spirit as a consequence.
Another key factor in Port Adelaide's emergence as the most successful major football team of the twentieth century was the inception by the SAFA of electorate football. Initially introduced on a voluntary basis in 1897, the electorate system stipulated that players were required to play for the club from the electoral district in which they resided; this rule became compulsory two years later, and suddenly Port Adelaide had automatic access to many of the finest footballers in the colony. For a youngster growing up in the predominantly working class suburbs in and around the port football was at once a release and, potentially at any rate, a ticket to a better life, if not economically - Australian football in South Australia would not begin to reward its players with anything more than a pittance for many years yet (see footnote 6) - at least in terms of notoriety within the community. Moreover, the football club itself became part of the essential fabric of that community, helping define and sustain it. As Bernard Whimpress pointed out in the early 1980s, "the Alberton Oval and the sprawling shopping centres around the Black Diamond Corner have always meant something sure, something close to the heart" (see footnote 7). Although one might take exception to the word 'always', the point is clear; moreover, it would arguably be perfectly valid to add 'the Port Adelaide Football Club' itself, as distinct from its home venue, to the list, although it is doubtful if supporters from other clubs would be much inclined to share the sentiments.
Arguably the most significant impact of all, however, was in relation to the field of activity in which the infant nation would soon exhibit a degree of excellence beyond all others: sport. As far as Australian football was concerned, this meant the emergence of probably a greater general awareness and appreciation of the game in its national context than at any other time in history, for not only was the transfer of players between states at an all time high, so too was the practice of teams embarking on interstate tours; moreover, the main ostensible purpose of the inauguration by the ANFC of regular interstate championships series, or 'carnivals', beginning in Melbourne in 1908, was to establish football as a quintessentially Australian (indeed, given the participation of New Zealand in the inaugural carnival, Australasian) preoccupation. In that aspiration, it failed, for reasons which lie outside the immediate scope of this entry, but which are covered elsewhere in the site; however, as anyone who has pursued a dream will tell you, there is a sense in which the journey itself can be more gratifying and interesting than actually arriving at one's destiny. Such was certainly the case for the Port Adelaide Football Club, whose journey in the opening decade and a half of the twentieth century mirrored, in microcosm, that of the nation as a whole: exhilarating, intermittently rewarding, but ultimately forced along an undesirable, if perversely ennobling, cul-de-sac.
The original Alberton Oval grandstand. The nineteenth century had seen Port Adelaide achieve sporadic success (three premierships) interspersed with sustained periods of mediocrity, and even downright ineptitude. The first few years of the twentieth century would see the club acquire a new consistency, and with it the seeds of a reputation for pushing the boundaries, for always seeking to transcend what common sense said was possible.
Clearly, Port Adelaide had a good side, but the lack of genuine champion players left it some way short of greatness. Between 1907 and 1912, however, this deficiency was rectified in the most emphatic and noteworthy way imaginable as players of the calibre of Sampson 'Shine' Hosking, 'Angie' Congear, Jack Woollard, Frank Hansen, Harold Oliver, Jack Londrigan and Jack 'Spud' Ashley fronted up for the black and whites. If Port had a problem, however, it was one that would be all too familiar to the club's supporters of a century hence, namely an unfortunate and inexplicable tendency to shoot itself in the foot come finals time. In 1907, for example, the Magpies won the minor premiership with a 10-2 record but then conspired to lose twice, and heavily, to Norwood in the major round. Two years later events followed a similar pattern as the most formidable team of the minor round suddenly found it within itself to perform like wooden spooners against Norwood and West Adelaide in the finals.
If Port's supporters imagined their club had turned the corner, however, they were in for a rude awakening: in both 1911 (1 loss) and 1912 (unbeaten, and a percentage of 67.23) the side secured the minor premiership, only to crumble when the heat was applied in the finals. After the Magpies lost the 1912 challenge final to West Adelaide, club secretary James Hodge allegedly proffered the rueful - and very 'un-Port Adelaide' - observation that "this is the sixteenth time we have been second and we are getting used to it" (see footnote 9). Earlier in the year, the club had embarked on its seventh interstate tour in eight years (see footnote 10), this time to Tasmania where, on 3 July, it defeated a TFL representative side by 13 points, 7.13 (55) to 6.6 (42). The quality of the TFL side can perhaps be gauged from its achievement a few days later in scoring a comfortable 16 point win over a Melbourne team that, later in the season, would only narrowly fail to qualify for the VFL finals. Results such as these only serve to exemplify and emphasise the comparative evenness of standard of league football in the four major states (plus arguably Broken Hill) during this era.
The loss of key players to war service or, in the case of Harold Oliver, to the family orchards in South Australia's Riverland region, ultimately undermined Port Adelaide's bid for three successive flags in 1915. However, initially at least it was business as usual with an effortless 10.10 (70) to 4.8 (32) destruction of a strong South Adelaide side on the Adelaide Oval, and thereafter the side did not taste defeat until the round 11 game against West Adelaide on 31 July at the Jubilee Oval. Indeed, the team's previous loss had actually occurred 30 games and more than 25 months earlier, on 21 June 1913! Unfortunately, the habit of losing proved infectious: the Magpies ended the minor round with an unexpected 2 point loss to a weak West Torrens side, before capitulating to both West Adelaide and ultimate premier Sturt in the finals. It was a dismal way to bring their halcyon era to an end, and it would be another four years before they would be granted the opportunity to rectify matters as, from 1916-18, the SAFL suspended operations because of the demands of the war. Where now? or or
Footnotes1. From a contemporary account reproduced in South Australian Football: The Past and the Present, 1860-1965 by C.K. Knuckey, page 21. Return to Main Text 2. Goals, at the time, typically had a cross bar, which the ball had to travel under in order to register a goal. Return to Main Text 3. Three weeks later, Victoria followed suit with the formation of the Victorian Football Association. Return to Main Text 4. During the nineteenth century, Port Adelaide was referred to, variously, as 'the Magentas', 'the Saltwaters', 'the Portonians', and even the somewhat derogatory 'Mudholians'. Return to Main Text 5. See Champions of Australia by Max Sayer, page 8, for a more detailed account of this match. Return to Main Text 6. As late as 1934, the Glenelg players' reward for winning the grand final against Port Adelaide was five rabbits a man, and this kind of thing was by no means atypical. If a player wanted to earn a living playing football, he first established a 'name' for himself playing in a competition like the SANFL, VFL or WANFL, and then 'went bush', where employment as playing coach of one of the wealthier country clubs might elicit payments up to ten times as lucrative as back in the city. Return to Main Text 7. The South Australian Football Story by Bernard Whimpress, page 144. Return to Main Text 8. These comments were made some thirty-five years after the event, and were reproduced by Jack Lee in his history of the East Fremantle Football Club, Celebrating 100 Years Of Tradition, page 65. Return to Main Text 9. Quoted in The South Australian Football Story by Bernard Whimpress, page 145. Return to Main Text 10. These tours had taken in Broken Hill (1905), Sydney (1907), Melbourne for the interstate carnival (1908), Melbourne, Ballarat and Bendigo (1909), the WA goldfields region and Perth (1910), Melbourne for the Melbourne Cup, and Sydney and the Blue Mountains (1911). Return to Main Text
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